{"id":23115,"date":"2019-01-18T10:16:35","date_gmt":"2019-01-18T09:16:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hellocare.com\/?p=22698"},"modified":"2025-12-05T10:12:08","modified_gmt":"2025-12-05T09:12:08","slug":"placebo-c-est-quoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hellocare.com\/blog\/placebo-c-est-quoi\/","title":{"rendered":"Les effets du placebo, ou comment le cerveau nous aide \u00e0 gu\u00e9rir"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-one\" style=\"--awb-text-color:#f46868;--awb-font-size:40px;\"><h1 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"margin:0;font-size:1em;--fontSize:40;line-height:1.55;\">Placebo : tout savoir sur ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9 th\u00e9rapeutique<\/h1><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-bottom:0px;--awb-padding-left:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1456px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:37.9844px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:25px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"font-size: regular;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.6em; letter-spacing: 0px;\"><span class=\"fusion-dropcap dropcap\">L<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>e placebo (du latin \u00ab je plairai \u00bb) d\u00e9signe un proc\u00e9d\u00e9 th\u00e9rapeutique ne montrant aucune efficacit\u00e9 directe sur une probl\u00e9matique donn\u00e9e. Il exerce cependant une action sur le \/ la patient.e gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des m\u00e9canismes psychologiques et physiologiques.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-radius:20px 20px 20px 20px;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:25px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:25px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"512\" alt=\"comprendre le placebo\" title=\"Placebo\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%27http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%27%20width%3D%27768%27%20height%3D%27512%27%20viewBox%3D%270%200%20768%20512%27%3E%3Crect%20width%3D%27768%27%20height%3D%27512%27%20fill-opacity%3D%220%22%2F%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" data-orig-src=\"https:\/\/www.hellocare.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/Placebo.jpg\" class=\"lazyload img-responsive wp-image-25108\"\/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-margin-top:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2\"><h2 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 36; line-height: 1.25;\" data-fontsize=\"36\" data-lineheight=\"45px\">Comment fonctionne un placebo ?<\/h2>\n<p>Dans le secteur du m\u00e9dicament, on qualifiera de <em>placebo pur<\/em> tout produit ne poss\u00e9dant <strong>aucune substance active<\/strong>. Un <em>placebo impur<\/em> d\u00e9signe lui un produit actif sur le plan pharmacologique, mais qui n\u2019agit pas sur la pathologie soign\u00e9e. Ou s\u2019il agit, son efficacit\u00e9 n\u2019est pas encore probante.<br \/>\nL\u2019effet dure peu de temps. Chez les personnes les plus r\u00e9ceptives, on note une dur\u00e9e de <em>deux ou trois jours maximum<\/em>. Puis les sympt\u00f4mes refont surface. Ce court laps de temps s\u2019av\u00e8re cependant suffisant pour le traitement de la majorit\u00e9 des maladies b\u00e9nignes.<br \/>\nPar exemple, prendre un comprim\u00e9 en \u00e9tant persuad\u00e9 qu\u2019il soulagera un mal de ventre est susceptible de provoquer la <strong>lib\u00e9ration d\u2019endorphines<\/strong>. Ces mol\u00e9cules analg\u00e9siques sont <em>produites naturellement par le corps<\/em>. En revanche, pour des maladies plus graves, comme un cancer, l\u2019effet placebo n\u2019est malheureusement pas suffisant.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 28; line-height: 1.3;\" data-fontsize=\"28\" data-lineheight=\"36.4px\">La d\u00e9couverte de la gu\u00e9rison par la volont\u00e9<\/h3>\n<p>Il faut revenir \u00e0 la seconde Guerre mondiale. Les stocks de morphine \u00e9tant \u00e9puis\u00e9s, le chirurgien Henry Beecher injectait des solutions salines aux soldats bless\u00e9s. <em>Croyant qu\u2019on leur donnait de la morphine<\/em>, ces hommes voyaient leurs souffrances apais\u00e9es.<br \/>\nAujourd\u2019hui, les scientifiques cernent mieux les m\u00e9canismes du placebo. Deux facteurs interviennent : le conditionnement et la suggestion.<br \/>\n<strong>Le conditionnement<\/strong> consiste en une r\u00e9ponse biologique d\u00e9clench\u00e9e par la forte relation entre un <em>rituel de soins<\/em> (aller chez le m\u00e9decin, prendre des m\u00e9dicaments\u2026) et un <em>souvenir positif<\/em> (gu\u00e9rir).<br \/>\n<strong>La suggestion<\/strong> concerne <em>l\u2019affirmation par le m\u00e9decin<\/em> que le m\u00e9dicament se montre efficace.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 28; line-height: 1.3;\" data-fontsize=\"28\" data-lineheight=\"36.4px\">Utilisation du placebo<\/h3>\n<p>La recherche m\u00e9dicale recourt aux plac\u00e9bos lors des phases de tests des traitements m\u00e9dicaux. Les scientifiques ont ainsi pu observer que l\u2019effet placebo se manifeste lors de traitements de maladies et de sympt\u00f4mes tr\u00e8s vari\u00e9s. De 30% en moyenne, <em>il atteindrait les <strong>60-70%<\/strong> dans les cas de migraines ou de d\u00e9pressions.<\/em><br \/>\nCependant, lorsqu\u2019on compare l\u2019effet d\u2019un placebo \u00e0 une absence totale de traitement, on s\u2019aper\u00e7oit qu\u2019il n\u2019existe <strong>aucune diff\u00e9rence notable sur le plan clinique<\/strong>. Il reste difficile d\u2019attribuer une <em>diminution de la douleur<\/em> au placebo lui-m\u00eame, sachant qu\u2019il pourrait tout aussi bien s\u2019agir d\u2019une gu\u00e9rison spontan\u00e9e ou d\u2019une r\u00e9gression de la maladie.La place pr\u00e9pond\u00e9rante du facteur psychologique<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 28; line-height: 1.3;\" data-fontsize=\"28\" data-lineheight=\"36.4px\">Le psychisme au c\u0153ur des soins<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les travaux du psychiatre Michael Balint \u00e9tablissent que la confiance entre le m\u00e9decin et l<strong>e\/la patient.e garde une place tr\u00e8s importante dans la r\u00e9ussite du \u00ab <em>traitement<\/em> \u00bb<\/strong>. Si l\u2019\u00e9coute et le respect mutuel sont indispensables, la conviction avec laquelle le m\u00e9decin r\u00e9dige son ordonnance compte elle aussi ! D\u2019ailleurs, c\u2019est l\u2019une des raisons pour lesquelles l<em>a vitamine C fonctionne si bien<\/em>.<br \/>\nCar oui, c\u2019est bien au niveau du cerveau que le placebo agit, et nulle part ailleurs. Il y r\u00e9agit en modifiant l\u2019activit\u00e9 \u00e9lectrique au niveau du cortex c\u00e9r\u00e9bral. N\u2019oublions pas que <strong>l\u2019effet placebo produit les m\u00eames effets que la morphine sur notre cerveau<\/strong> !<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--fontsize: 28; line-height: 1.3;\" data-fontsize=\"28\" data-lineheight=\"36.4px\">L\u2019hom\u00e9opathie, le placebo par excellence ?<\/h3>\n<p>Les \u00ab <em>pro hom\u00e9opathie<\/em> \u00bb se servent d\u2019ailleurs souvent du placebo pour justifier la prise des granules qui, rappelons-le, ne contiennent elles non plus aucun principe actif. Le professeur Olivier Desrichard avance lui que pour que cet argument soit recevable, il faut prouver une diff\u00e9rence entre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hellocare.com\/blog\/homeopathie-c-est-quoi\/\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">la prise des granules d&rsquo;hom\u00e9opathie<\/a> et l\u2019absence totale de traitement.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-one-full fusion-column-first fusion-column-last\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-column-wrapper-legacy\"><div class=\"fusion-content-boxes content-boxes columns row fusion-columns-1 fusion-columns-total-1 fusion-content-boxes-1 content-boxes-clean-vertical content-left content-boxes-icon-on-top\" style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#f3f6f7;--awb-body-color:#1f1f1f;--awb-title-color:#1f1f1f;--awb-iconcolor:#ffffff;--awb-hover-accent-color:#3bb2b8;--awb-circle-hover-accent-color:#3bb2b8;--awb-item-margin-bottom:40px;\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div style=\"--awb-backgroundcolor:#f3f6f7;--awb-iconcolor:#ffffff;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0);\" class=\"fusion-column content-box-column content-box-column content-box-column-1 col-lg-12 col-md-12 col-sm-12 fusion-content-box-hover content-box-column-last content-box-column-last-in-row\"><div class=\"col content-box-wrapper content-wrapper-background link-area-link-icon link-type-button icon-hover-animation-pulsate\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"heading heading-with-icon icon-left\"><a class=\"heading-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hellocare.com\/medecin-generaliste\" target=\"_self\"><div class=\"icon\"><i style=\"border-color:rgba(77,57,233,0);border-width:0px;background-color:#3bb2b8;box-sizing:content-box;height:48px;width:48px;line-height:48px;border-radius:100%;font-size:24px;\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fontawesome-icon fa-video fas circle-yes\"><\/i><\/div><h2 class=\"content-box-heading fusion-responsive-typography-calculated\" style=\"--h2_typography-font-size:24px;--fontSize:24;line-height:1.25;\">Un m\u00e9decin en t\u00e9l\u00e9consultation 7j\/7<\/h2><\/a><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><div class=\"content-container\">\n<p>M\u00e9decins disponibles pour des consultations en vid\u00e9o s\u00e9curis\u00e9es.<br \/>\nRemboursable par l\u2019Assurance Maladie.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><a class=\"fusion-read-more-button fusion-content-box-button fusion-button button-default fusion-button-default-size button- button-flat\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hellocare.com\/medecin-generaliste\" target=\"_self\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">PRENDRE RDV<\/span><\/a><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-clearfix\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":25108,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[541],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-23115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sante-mentale-bien-etre"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.5 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Placebo et gu\u00e9rison : tout savoir sur ce proc\u00e9d\u00e9 th\u00e9rapeutique<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Point sur l&#039;effet placebo, comment fonctionne-t-il, quels sont ses m\u00e9canismes ? 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